How to Grow Brussels Sprouts in Mississippi

Climate and Growing Conditions

Mississippi’s warm climate presents a challenge for growing Brussels sprouts, which prefer cooler weather. The state’s hot summers mean that Brussels sprouts are best grown as a fall or winter crop when temperatures drop. Brussels sprouts grow best in temperatures between 60-70°F, making the late fall and early winter months the most favorable growing season in Mississippi.

Best Time to Plant:
In Mississippi, it’s recommended to plant Brussels sprouts in late summer (August to September) so they can mature as temperatures cool. This gives the plants enough time to grow before the winter sets in. Brussels sprouts require about 90 to 100 days to mature, so timing your planting correctly is essential to avoid the intense summer heat.

Soil Preparation

Brussels sprouts thrive in well-drained, fertile soil. Mississippi’s clay soils may need amendment to improve drainage and fertility.

  • Soil pH: Aim for a slightly acidic to neutral pH between 6.0 and 7.5.
  • Soil Amendments: To improve the structure of heavier clay soils, add plenty of organic material like compost or aged manure. These amendments also provide essential nutrients for your Brussels sprouts.
  • Mulching: Mulching helps retain moisture in the soil and keeps the roots cool during warm days, which is especially important in Mississippi’s warm climate.

Planting

You can either start Brussels sprouts from seed indoors 6 to 8 weeks before planting out, or directly sow seeds in the garden. Transplant seedlings once they are 4-6 weeks old.

Spacing:
Space the Brussels sprouts 18-24 inches apart in rows, with 30 inches between rows. Proper spacing ensures adequate air circulation and reduces the risk of fungal issues, which can occur in Mississippi’s humid climate.

Watering and Care

  • Watering: Consistent moisture is key, especially during the early growing period. Aim for about 1-1.5 inches of water per week. Be mindful of Mississippi’s humidity, which can increase the risk of fungal diseases if the plants are overwatered.
  • Fertilization: Brussels sprouts are heavy feeders. After planting, apply a balanced fertilizer (10-10-10) every 3-4 weeks. As the plants begin to form heads, a side-dressing of nitrogen-rich fertilizer can boost production.
  • Pest Control: Common pests in Mississippi include cabbage worms, aphids, and flea beetles. Regular inspection and use of organic insecticides like neem oil can help keep pests in check.
  • Humidity Management: Mississippi’s high humidity can increase the risk of diseases like downy mildew and powdery mildew. Ensure plants have good air circulation and consider using fungicidal treatments if necessary.

Harvesting

Brussels sprouts are ready to harvest when the small sprouts on the stalks are about 1-2 inches in diameter. In Mississippi’s mild winters, you can harvest Brussels sprouts through much of the winter as long as temperatures remain cool but not freezing.

Tip: Just like in cooler climates, Brussels sprouts tend to taste better after a light frost, so don’t rush to harvest them if the weather is cooling down gradually.

Conclusion

Growing Brussels sprouts in Mississippi requires careful timing and attention to the challenges posed by the warm climate. By planting in late summer and ensuring good soil, proper watering, and pest control, you can successfully cultivate Brussels sprouts and enjoy a delicious, homegrown harvest well into the cooler months of the year.