How to Grow Corn in Nevada

Growing corn in Nevada can be challenging due to the state’s arid climate, hot summers, and limited water resources. However, with the right techniques and careful planning, you can successfully grow corn in your Nevada garden. Here’s a step-by-step guide to help you get started.

1. Choose the Right Variety

Corn varieties that mature quickly and are heat-tolerant are best suited for Nevada’s climate. Look for varieties labeled as “early maturing” or “drought-resistant.” Some recommended types include:

  • Sweet Corn: ‘Early Sunglow’ and ‘Golden Bantam’
  • Field Corn: ‘Bloody Butcher’ and ‘Painted Mountain’

These varieties can better withstand the hot, dry conditions typical of Nevada.

2. Select the Right Location

Corn needs full sun to thrive, so choose a location in your garden that receives at least 6-8 hours of direct sunlight per day. Corn also requires well-drained soil with a pH between 6.0 and 6.8. If your soil is sandy or poor in nutrients, consider amending it with compost or well-rotted manure to improve its fertility and moisture retention.

3. Planting Corn

Corn is best planted after the last frost when soil temperatures reach at least 60°F (16°C). In Nevada, this usually occurs in late April to early May, depending on your specific location.

  • Spacing: Plant corn seeds 1-2 inches deep, with 12-18 inches between each seed. Space rows about 30-36 inches apart. Corn is wind-pollinated, so planting in blocks of at least four rows, rather than single rows, will improve pollination and lead to better ear development.

  • Watering: Corn requires consistent moisture, especially during the germination and silking stages. In Nevada’s dry climate, you may need to water your corn more frequently than in other regions. Drip irrigation or soaker hoses are ideal as they deliver water directly to the roots and reduce evaporation.

4. Fertilization

Corn is a heavy feeder, so it’s important to fertilize regularly. Start by applying a balanced fertilizer (such as 10-10-10) at planting time. Once the plants are about 12 inches tall, side-dress with a nitrogen-rich fertilizer, such as blood meal or fish emulsion, to encourage strong growth. A second side-dressing may be needed when the corn starts to tassel.

5. Mulching

Apply a layer of mulch around your corn plants to conserve moisture, regulate soil temperature, and reduce weed competition. Organic mulches like straw, grass clippings, or shredded leaves work well.

6. Pest and Disease Management

Common pests that affect corn in Nevada include corn earworms, aphids, and cutworms. Monitor your plants regularly and use appropriate organic or chemical controls if pests are spotted. Corn is also susceptible to diseases like smut and rust, so ensure good air circulation around plants and avoid overhead watering to minimize these risks.

7. Harvesting Corn

Corn is typically ready to harvest about 60-100 days after planting, depending on the variety. Sweet corn should be harvested when the kernels are plump and milky, which is usually about 20 days after the silks first appear. Field corn, grown for grain or flour, should be left on the stalk until the kernels harden.

  • Test for Readiness: Gently pull back the husk and pierce a kernel with your thumbnail. If a milky liquid emerges, the corn is ready to harvest. If the liquid is clear, the corn needs more time.

8. Water Conservation Tips

Given Nevada’s limited water resources, consider these water-saving practices:

  • Mulch heavily to retain soil moisture.
  • Water early in the morning to reduce evaporation.
  • Use drip irrigation to target the roots directly.
  • Collect rainwater (if permitted in your area) for supplemental watering.

9. Dealing with the Heat

Nevada’s intense summer heat can stress corn plants, leading to poor pollination and smaller ears. To protect your plants:

  • Shade them during the hottest part of the day using shade cloth or row covers.
  • Ensure consistent watering to prevent heat stress.

Conclusion

Growing corn in Nevada requires careful attention to planting times, water management, and heat protection. By selecting the right variety, preparing your soil, and following these tips, you can enjoy a bountiful corn harvest even in Nevada’s challenging climate. Happy gardening!